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Verse (5:81), Word 2 - Quranic Grammar

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The second word of verse (5:81) is divided into 2 morphological segments. A verb and subject pronoun. The perfect verb (فعل ماض) is third person masculine plural. The verb's triliteral root is kāf wāw nūn (ك و ن). The verb (كان) belongs to a special group of words known as kāna and her sisters (كان واخواتها). The suffix (الواو) is an attached subject pronoun.

Chapter (5) sūrat l-māidah (The Table spread with Food)


(5:81:2)
kānū
they had
V – 3rd person masculine plural perfect verb
PRON – subject pronoun
فعل ماض والواو ضمير متصل في محل رفع اسم «كان»

Verse (5:81)

The analysis above refers to the 81st verse of chapter 5 (sūrat l-māidah):

Sahih International: And if they had believed in Allah and the Prophet and in what was revealed to him, they would not have taken them as allies; but many of them are defiantly disobedient.

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Language Research Group
University of Leeds
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