The second word of verse (54:38) is divided into 2 morphological segments. A verb and object pronoun. The form II perfect verb (فعل ماض) is third person masculine singular. The verb's triliteral root is ṣād bā ḥā (ص ب ح). The verb (صبح) belongs to a special group of words known as kāna and her sisters (كان واخواتها). The attached object pronoun is third person masculine plural.

Chapter (54) sūrat l-qamar (The Moon) (54:38:2) ṣabbaḥahum seized them in the morning
V – 3rd person masculine singular (form II) perfect verb PRON – 3rd person masculine plural object pronoun	فعل ماض من اخوات «كان» و«هم» ضمير متصل في محل نصب مفعول به

Verse (54:38)

The analysis above refers to the 38th verse of chapter 54 (sūrat l-qamar):

Sahih International: And there came upon them by morning an abiding punishment.

See Also

• English Translations
• The Verb kāna (كان واخواتها)
• Arabic Grammar - syntactic i'rāb (إعراب) for this verse
• Concordance - list occurances of this word
• Quran Dictionary - the root ṣād bā ḥā

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