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Verse (34:31), Word 31 - Quranic Grammar

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The 31st word of verse (34:31) is divided into 3 morphological segments. An emphatic prefix, verb and subject pronoun. The prefixed particle lām is usually translated as "surely" or "indeed" and is used to add emphasis. The perfect verb (فعل ماض) is first person plural. The verb's triliteral root is kāf wāw nūn (ك و ن). The verb (كان) belongs to a special group of words known as kāna and her sisters (كان واخواتها). The suffix (نا) is an attached subject pronoun.

Chapter (34) sūrat saba (Sheba)


(34:31:31)
lakunnā
certainly we (would) have been
EMPH – emphatic prefix lām
V – 1st person plural perfect verb
PRON – subject pronoun
اللام لام التوكيد
فعل ماض و«نا» ضمير متصل في محل رفع اسم «كان»

Verse (34:31)

The analysis above refers to the 31st verse of chapter 34 (sūrat saba):

Sahih International: And those who disbelieve say, "We will never believe in this Qur'an nor in that before it." But if you could see when the wrongdoers are made to stand before their Lord, refuting each other's words... Those who were oppressed will say to those who were arrogant, "If not for you, we would have been believers."

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Language Research Group
University of Leeds
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