The fourth word of verse (9:69) is divided into 2 morphological segments. A verb and subject pronoun. The perfect verb (فعل ماض) is third person masculine plural. The verb's triliteral root is kāf wāw nūn (ك و ن). The verb (كان) belongs to a special group of words known as kāna and her sisters (كان واخواتها). The suffix (الواو) is an attached subject pronoun.

Chapter (9) sūrat l-tawbah (The Repentance) (9:69:4) kānū they were
V – 3rd person masculine plural perfect verb PRON – subject pronoun	فعل ماض والواو ضمير متصل في محل رفع اسم «كان»

Verse (9:69)

The analysis above refers to the 69th verse of chapter 9 (sūrat l-tawbah):

Sahih International: [You disbelievers are] like those before you; they were stronger than you in power and more abundant in wealth and children. They enjoyed their portion [of worldly enjoyment], and you have enjoyed your portion as those before you enjoyed their portion, and you have engaged [in vanities] like that in which they engaged. [It is] those whose deeds have become worthless in this world and in the Hereafter, and it is they who are the losers.

See Also

• English Translations
• The Verb kāna (كان واخواتها)
• Arabic Grammar - syntactic i'rāb (إعراب) for this verse
• Concordance - list occurances of this word
• Quran Dictionary - the root kāf wāw nūn

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